forUSE 2002 Conference Home First International Conference on Usage-Centered Design
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 25-28 August 2002
forUSE 2002 Conference Home Complete Program

 

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PROGRAM LISTING - Click on a title below for details or scroll through the session abstracts.
(See Schedule-at-a-Glance for Topic Threads.)

SUNDAY TUTORIAL 1: Performance-Centered Systems: What They Are and How to Design Them [Gery]

TUTORIAL 2: Goal-Directed Methods for Product Definition and Design [Goodwin]

TUTORIAL 3: Agile Usage-Centered and Object-Oriented Design Techniques [Noble, Biddle]

MONDAY KEYNOTE - Integrated Environments to Support Working, Thinking, and Learning [Gery]

M11 - Performance Support for Complex Problem-Solving Tasks [Leighton, McCabe]

M12 - Designing a Useful and Usable Web Site with Scenarios and Profiling [Sandler]

M13 - Usage-Centered Exploration - Jump-Starting the UCD Process [Windl]

M21 - Performance Centered Systems: What They Are and Why They Work [Gery]

M22 - From Essential Use Cases to Objects [Noble]

M23 - PANEL: Putting Usage-Centered Design to Work [Cady, Corbett, Dean, Strope, Lockwood]

M31 - Designing Information Portals [Holtzblatt]

M32 - Lessons Learned Using Modeling Techniques for Usage-Centered Design [Neperud]

M33 - Usage-Centered Design and the Rational Unified Process [Armstrong, Underbakke]

DEMOS & DISCOURSE - iSpace: A Web-Based Tool for Abstract User Interface Prototyping [Jeff Rogers]

TUESDAY PANEL: Roles and Personas, Task Cases and Scenarios: Does it Matter? [Constantine, Goodwin, Holtzblatt, Rauch, Rosson, Noble]

T11 - Lightweight Web-Based Tools for Usage-Centered and Object-Oriented Design [Noble]

T12 - Designing a Winner: Creating STEP 7 Lite with Usage-Centered Design [Windl]

T13 - Performance-Centered Portals [Elsbernd, Hummel]

T21 - Scenario-Based Design of Human-Computer Interaction [Rosson]

T22 - Web Design Patterns for High Volume Transactional Systems [Hobart]

T23 - Beyond Code Freeze: Use Cases that Don't Leave QA and Documentation in the Cold [Lynn]

T31a - Comparing Hierarchical Task Analysis with Use Cases" [DeKoven, Keyson]

T31b - Supporting One Task with Many Devices [Lárusdóttir, Hvannberg]

T31c - Conducting User Needs Analyses for Emerging Technologies [Narasimhan]

T32 - Customer Success Metrics in Usage-Centered Design [Pinder, Dillon]

T33 - What It Really Takes to Handle Exceptions in Use Cases [Wirfs-Brock]

WEDNESDAY PLENARY - The Devilish Details: Best Practices in Design for e-Commerce [Constantine]

W11 - Collecting and Using Customer Stories [Rauch, Macomber]

W12 - Innovating on Thin Ice: Experiences with Usage-Centered Design in Java [O'Brien]

W13 - PANEL: Teaching Usage-Centered Design in the University and in the Workplace [Biddle, Chandler, Lárusdóttir, Lockwood, Noble]

W21 - Extreme Design: Usage-Centered Design in XP and Agile Development [Patton]

W22 - How Much Does Usability Earn? A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Usability Engineering [Weinlaender]

W23 - Making a Difference: Designers as Change Agents [Lockwood]

THURSDAY TUTORIAL 4: Pushing the Envelope - Master Class in Usage-Centered Design [Constantine, Lockwood]

TUTORIAL 5: Object Modeling for User Interface Designers [Wirfs-Brock]

TUTORIAL 6: Implementing Usage-Centered Designs In .NET [O'Brien]

 

MONDAY
Keynote - 9:30-10:30a
From Silver to Gold: Integrated Environments to Support Working, Thinking, and Learning
Gloria Gery, Gery Associates
  Gloria Gery,keynote speaker.We have ubiquitous technology, widespread networks, and rich media. We have eLearning and portals and usable software and collaboration tools. We have almost universal experience with computers: the average worker probably uses between five and ten software applications. But we're still frustrated about technology. What is missing? What must is needed for people trying to do meaningful work, to learn quickly, and to connect with others? Elegant technology threads, content, and software have been thrust upon users who must then put them together. Integration is what is missing, and we must achieve it in our design of integrated work environments. In this conference keynote, Gloria Gery will talk about and illustrate what is necessary to have us shift from weavers of silver threads to achieving integrated, golden woven environments that help people successfully learn, do, and collaborate in carefully designed spaces.Top of page.  
M11 - 11:00a-12:30p
Performance Support for Complex Problem-Solving Tasks
Chet Leighton, Infomark Software Corporation; Cindy McCabe, CGM Communications
  A case study is presented of Just-In-Time (JIT) learning in an Electronic Performance Support System (EPSS) for use by instructional designers in the Department of Instructional Technology at San Francisco State University performing a moderately-structured problem-solving task. The design of this EPSS is based on the concepts of learning-by-doing and the advanced teaching methods of the Cognitive Apprenticeship framework. A demonstration of the software will emphasize how these teaching methods--modeling, coaching, scaffolding, articulation, reflection, and exploration--are supported. Data on how people actually used this EPSS will be presented, including results of a formative evaluation of the software. Planned future enhancements will be discussed.Top of page.  
M12 - 11:00a-12:30p
Designing a Useful and Usable Web Site: Applying Scenarios and Profiling Techniques
John Sandler, IBM GSA (Australia)
  For a web site to be successful it needs to be designed to incorporate customer requirements into the interface. Whatever the function of the site, if it doesn’t give customers a successful user experience they will leave. Activities that find out what users want and value are critical not only for e-commerce sites, but also for sites that deliver training, educational content, performance support and workplace-related knowledge. This session will cover a five step process for making Web sites more useful and usable. These steps include clarifying the purpose, profiling users, prioritizing user tasks and requirements, describing usage scenarios, and low-fidelity prototyping. Based upon the results from these steps, iterations of the site structure are created and further evaluated over a short period of time to assist in refining design decisions.Top of page.  
M13 - 11:00a-12:30p
Usage-Centered Exploration - Jump-Starting the UCD Process
Helmut Windl , Siemens AG (Germany)
  This session introduces a structured approach to the early stages of usage-centered design. When designers start a project, they often face questions of how to proceed. What information is needed? Where and how can one get this information? What questions should be asked? Which users should be asked? What is the appropriate level of detail for models? Usage-Centered Exploration (UCE) is an efficient, structured method to reduce the time and costs of user and task analysis in usage-centered design. Starting with exploratory user role and task models built from existing information, the process refines them into final form through structured interviews, field studies, and investigation of the user’s workflows and processes. The session will cover the use of existing information, including what types of information are necessary and most useful. It will discuss the use of marketing information and research and how to handle requirements from sales and marketing people. It will show how to build exploratory user role and task models as well as how to build and evaluate final models collaboratively with users.Top of page.  
M21 - 2:00p-3:30p
Performance Centered Systems: What They Are and Why They Work
Gloria Gery, Gery Associates
  There are things that are very different about systems that directly support work performance from those that are simply "usable" by experts. In this workshop, Gloria Gery will describe, discuss and illustrate software that is specifically designed to enable people who don't know what they are doing to do it as if they did -- while still accommodating expert performers. These software applications integrate task structuring support, knowledge, data, tools and collaboration methods -- and automatically produces required deliverables. Gloria will provide an overview of the characteristics and behavior of performance centered systems that will clearly differentiate them from the often data-centric software being designed today.Top of page.  
M22 - 2:00p-3:30p
From Essential Use Cases to Objects
James Noble, Victoria University, Wellington (New Zealand)
  How can one turn a good usage-centered design into robust and well-engineered software? Employing essential use cases in typical object-oriented development processes requires designers to translate them into conventional, concrete form, costing time, imposing rework, and delaying software development until the user interface design is completed. This session shows how essential use cases can be employed in a responsibility-driven design process to guide object-oriented development directly. This approach not only speeds and simplifies software development, but improves tracking of requirements and helps reveal recurring patterns in use cases. The process will be illustrated with examples.Top of page.  
M23 - 2:00p-3:30p
Panel: Putting Usage-Centered Design to Work
John Cady, University of Michigan; Molly Corbett, Terra Lycos; Judy Dean, University of Michigan; Jeannine Strope, McKesson; moderated by Lucy Lockwood, Constantine & Lockwood
  This panel explores the perils, pains, and payoffs of usage-centered design in practice. It draws on the experiences of people who have been applying usage-centered design in a variety of settings to a range of problems.Top of page.  
M31 - 4:00p-5:30p
Supporting User Intent: Information Portal Design Based on Customer Data
Karen Holztblatt, inContext
  When customers come to your website, they want information and help streamlining daily tasks. Are they getting what they need? This talk presents key findings and recommendations that have emerged from our work with information sites in the high-tech and health industries. Our field interviews combined with an analysis of websites suggest key principles for site design. Information portals that work are structured to directly support the user’s intent. This talk will help you know how to design beyond categories, draw more customers to your site, and increase your brand value through the structure of your site.Top of page.  
M32 - 4:00p-5:30p
Lessons Learned Using Modeling Techniques for Usage-Centered Design
Alyce Neperud, Artemis Alliance
  This session addresses best practices for the use of models based on lessons learned from real project experience. It provides an overview of the primary models and artifacts in a software development process using usage-centered design techniques and the standard object modeling language (UML). Specific examples will demonstrate how models can be an effective part of a project strategy for interactions with customers and for communication, collaboration, and decision-making within the development team. It will show the benefits of choosing models early but making adjustments to keep on track with project goals, how to complement use cases with other views to successfully gather and communicate system requirements and design, and how to combine or adapt models to best convey information in a coherent way. The session offers a practical understanding of how to use models in an effective and adaptive way to meet your project goals.Top of page.  
M33 - 4:00p-5:30p
Usage-Centered Design and the Rational Unified Process
Christopher Armstrong and Bobbi Underbakke, ATC Enterprises
  Usage-centered design (U-CD) is an established process for building models that represent how a user interface should be designed to support the usage needs of a system’s users. The Rational Unified Process (RUP), a collection of industry best practices, is encyclopedic except in terms of user interfaces--on which it is limited--and usage-centered design--on which it offers nothing. Despite some omissions and shortcomings, the RUP has numerous benefits, including standardization of terminology and an effective software process meta-model. The RUP can be integrated with U-CD by using basic extensions and very clear definitions. The Unified Modeling Language (UML), which plays an important role in visualizing the models in the RUP, can be extended to capture the three core U-CD models: the user role model, the task model, and the content model. This presentation will discuss the issues and provide real-world examples of how these two seemingly disparate approaches can be used together very effectively. Top of page.  
Special Event - 6:00p-7:30p
DRINKS, DEMOS, and DISCOURSE
 
  Demonstrations include:

"iSpace: A Web-Based Tool for Abstract User Interface Prototyping" [Jeff Rogers]
Abstract user interface prototypes are a powerful technique for improving the process of user interface design by allowing designers and reviewers to focus on the essentials without becoming distracted by details. A Web-deployed tool for building and reviewing abstract user interface models by interacting with a series of Web pages will be demonstrated.Top of page.

 
 
TUESDAY
Panel - 9:00a-10:30a
Roles and Personas, Task Cases and Scenarios: Does it Matter?
Larry Constantine, Constantine & Lockwood; Kim Goodwin, Cooper Design; Karen Holtzblatt, inContext; Thyra Rauch, IBM; Mary Beth Rosson, Virginia Tech; moderated by James Noble, Victoria University of Wellington (New Zealand)
  This panel will take a hard look at the commonalities and differences among dominant design methods, comparing and contrasting contextual design, Goal-Directed design, usage-centered design, and scenario/story-driven approaches, especially in terms of key concepts and techniques. What do the differences in emphasis mean and do they matter? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the various approaches. These and other questions will be addressed by a distinguished panel of expert proponents.Top of page.  
T11 - 11:00a-12:30p
Lightweight Web-Based Tools for Usage-Centered and Object-Oriented Design
James Noble, Victoria University, Wellington (New Zealand)
  A set of Web-deployed tools for usage-centered design and object-oriented design will be presented. These tools, in use in both consulting and education, support user role modeling, use cases, and object-oriented design. The presentation will cover how the tools are used, how and why they were built, and how others can also develop custom tools to fit their design and development processes.Top of page.  
T12 - 11:00a-12:30p
Designing an Award-Winning IDE: Creating STEP 7 Lite with Usage-Centered Design
Helmut Windl, Siemens AG (Germany)
  This case study will offer a close and revealing look behind the scenes in the design and development of an award-winning commercial software product--a fully integrated development environment (IDE) for programming the specialized computers (programmable logic controllers or PLCs) that operate modern industrial automation equipment. Guided by a time line, this presentation will step through the whole design process to share the lessons learned in the first large-scale effort at Siemens using usage-centered design (U-CD). It will look at struggles with the project management, how the management decision to use U-CD was upheld, the use of a consulting team, on-the-fly redesign of the development process. The session will report some surprising findings of interest to designers, including the myth of killer features and what we found, why content modeling caused problems and how we solved them, why and how we used high-fidelity prototypes, what we learned from testing and what we did wrong in design.Top of page.  
T13 - 11:00a-12:30p
Performance-Centered Portals
Gary Elsbernd and Matt Hummel, Ariel Performance Centered Systems
  Performance-centered portals provide access to knowledge, data, task structure, job aids, and tools needed to support the organizational goals. Performance-centered portals go beyond navigation and centralization of information to directly promoting organizational values and individual performance through focused and customizable presentation of corporate resources available at a click. Performance-centered design can be an attribute of commercial, learning, or corporate portals, but few portals have taken the steps to design to enhance individual performance. In this session, we will look at how Performance-centered portals can be designed to enhance individual employee performance and make a direct impact on an organization’s bottom line. The session covers types of portals, individual and organizational impact, and getting started.Top of page.  
T21 - 2:00p-3:30p
Scenario-Based Design of Human-Computer Interaction
Mary Beth Rosson, Virginia Tech
  Scenario-based design elaborates a traditional theme in human-computer interaction (HCI)--that human characteristics and needs should be pivotal considerations in the design of interactive systems. In scenario-based design, descriptions of usage situations are more than orienting examples; they are first-class design objects. This presentation introduces an iterative framework for analyzing and transforming scenarios of work practice into new activities. The scenarios depict actors, goals, supporting tools, and a sequence of thoughts, actions, and events through which goals are achieved, extended, obstructed, and/or abandoned. Scenario transformation is inspired by metaphors and technology, constrained by human-computer interaction guidelines, and refined through empirical evaluation.Top of page.  
T22 - 2:00p-3:30p
Web Design Patterns for High Volume Transactional Systems
James Hobart, Classic System Solutions
  This presentation will explore the creation and usage of visual design patterns for solving complex design issues with web-based technology. We will discuss how we have been documenting transactional design patterns and will look at some specific examples of transactional design patterns to see how they can be derived and refined with usage centered design principles.Top of page.  
T23 - 2:00p-3:30p
Beyond Code Freeze: Use Cases that Don't Leave QA and Documentation in the Cold
Rhonda Lynn, Sterling Commerce
  Use cases have received wide attention for their use in design, but use cases have great potential beyond the design phase. This presentation describes how a development process was implemented that ensures the utility of use cases not only for system design, but also for quality assurance (QA) and documentation. Essential use cases, which work well for user interface design, can be too vague for later phases. QA and Documentation groups, in particular, have been hesitant to adopt use cases, often preferring more traditional approaches. This session introduces a new approach based on the concept evolving use cases. Such use cases evolve from an essential form early on to a more refined, more detailed representation of system interaction. The final state provides the greatest utility to QA and Documentation. The session will discuss best practices and lessons learned from use case approaches employed within two projects.Top of page.  
T31 - 4:00p-5:30p
Research Forum
Elyon DeKoven, David V. Keyson, Delft University of Technology (Netherlands); Marta Lárusdóttir, Reykjavik University, Ebba Thora Hvannberg, University of Iceland (Iceland); Sheila Narasimhan, Carleton University (Canada)
  “Comparing Hierarchical Task Analysis with Use Cases" DeKoven, Keyson

This study compares two popular scenario-based task-modeling approaches--use cases and hierarchical task analysis--that aim to make clear user goals, user-product interaction, and system design requirements. Both employ a static model of dynamic processes of product usage. However, they differ in notation as well as approach. Four teams of student designers trained in both task-modeling techniques worked on a common design problem. The resulting designs are described along with the design issues raised and the apparent relationships between the task modeling technique used and the usability of the final product.

"Supporting One Task with Many Devices" Lárusdóttir, Hvannberg

The complex world in which the same task can be accomplished by a given user through many different devices raises many interesting design issues. This presentation describes such a project in which a user-centered approach was used. Models were used to describe user roles, use cases, and a content model for each device. Since tasks require users to go between devices, a navigational model and a more abstract architectural model were developed. This session describes the models and results from usability tests with 60 users in 4 countries and reflects on the complexity of the user interface design.

"Conducting User Needs Analyses for Emerging Technologies" Narasimhan

Strategic User Needs Analysis (SUNA) combines usage-centered user role modeling with several investigative methods from human-computer interaction and market research. On a small sample of twelve users belonging to two focal roles the methodology was effective in identifying the relevant characteristics, usage patterns, similarities, and differences between the two roles. Further testing and refinement of this methodology is suggested.Top of page.

 
T32 - 4:00p-5:30p
Customer Success Metrics to Target and Track Usefulness in Usage-Centered Design
Ron Pinder, Ronald Scott Consulting, and Amy Dillon, Nortel Networks
  Customer success metrics are quantifiable, measurable, objective metrics for the value customers can receive with a product. Such quantitative metrics act as drivers for usefulness when writing essential user case narratives. They focus the translation of product value to product requirements and enable the tracking of value throughout development. Essential task modeling is such a powerful and creative technique because essential models are technology free. This advantage is used to effectively drive usability into implementation. Customer success metrics use this proven technology-free approach to capture and drive customer value with a focus on usefulness. Written in simple, easily understood language, they state a unit of measure and a quantified target. This presentation examines the effectiveness of customer success metrics and essential use cases based on real experiences in the field within different design models (such as waterfall, participatory, or work oriented). It proposes a link between usefulness and usability within usage-centered design.Top of page.  
T33 - 4:00p-5:30p
What It Really Takes to Handle Exceptions in Use Cases
Rebecca Wirfs-Brock, Wirfs-Brock Associates
  The handling of exceptions and alternative interactions is an important aspect of interaction design and of software engineering. Well-conceived and thorough treatment of exceptions is essential for designing reliable applications and for making applications responsible, responsive, and adaptive to exceptional conditions. Based on new ideas in responsibility-driven design, this session will illustrate how to handle exceptions in use cases.Top of page.  
 
Wednesday
Plenary - 9:30-10:30a
The Devilish Details: Best Practices in Design for e-Commerce
Larry Constantine, University of Technology, Sydney (Australia)
  In business on the Web, as much or more so than anywhere, the devil lies in the details. This presentation will look at how careful attention to detail driven by usage-centered design can markedly enhance usability and success in commercial Web sites.Top of page.  
W11 - 11:00a-12:30p
Collecting and Using Customer Stories
Thyra Rauch, IBM; Sarah Redpath, Lotus Software; Gary Macomber, Consultant
  Usability and aesthetic appeal are not enough. Products must also be useful and must satisfy the usage needs of the intended users. Useful solutions match what users are trying to accomplish. This session shows how to apply a story-based approach to understanding the goals and needs of users as well as their environment, their interactions, and their tasks. Stories capture this understanding in a rich and meaningful way. Well-crafted stories do not predispose any particular implementation. They can be cast in a form useful for all members of the design and development team throughout the design process, providing a common vision of the users and their world and establishing a shared communication vehicle early in the process. Workshop exercises will enable participants to apply story-building techniques and examples from our experience will be used as illustrations.Top of page.  
W12 - 11:00a-12:30p
Innovating on Thin Ice: Experiences with Usage-Centered Design in a Java Environment
Larry O'Brien, Consultant
  In 1999, iMind Education Systems, a dot-com startup, was trying to employ usage-centered design to develop an innovative suite of tools for K-12 educators. Larry O’Brien, then Vice President of Technology at iMind, managed the implementation of these products. O’Brien will discuss schedule, technology, and teamwork aspects of implementing both Java Swing and XML/XSLT-based, cross-platform, browser-based applications in a multidisciplinary team. Attendees will learn about the trade-offs that a software development manager must make to balance innovative user interface design, schedule, and technical capability. Examples will be given of components whose functional and non-functional behavior caused users to literally gasp in appreciation even as the company went from IPO-track to bankruptcy.Top of page.  
W13 - 11:00a-12:30p
Panel: Teaching Usage-Centered Design in the University and in the Workplace
Robert Biddle, Victoria University of Wellington (New Zealand); Chris Chandler, UCLA; Marta Lárusdóttir, Reykjavik University (Iceland); Lucy Lockwood, Constantine & Lockwood, Ltd.; Noble, Victoria University of Wellington (New Zealand)
  It has been argued that usage-centered design is a teachable approach to model-driven visual and interaction design. This panel of educators and trainers will share experiences and explore some of the significant issues in teaching usage-centered design.Top of page.  
W21 - 2:00p-3:30p
Extreme Design: Usage-Centered Design in eXtreme Programming and Agile Development
Jeff Patton, Development Team Leader, Tomax Technologies
  Agile methods, such as eXtreme Programming (XP), are proving to be effective strategies for rapid development of high quality software. This session will focus on how interaction design techniques, such as usage-centered design, can be applied within the iterative development process of XP projects to increase the likelihood of success. In addition to being more likely to meet end-user expectations, interaction design has helped our team do that sooner. Using interaction design as part of our process on a regular basis allows us to guess right more often, hitting the target of releasing usable software sooner. Based on practical project experiences, recommendations are provided on how to practice an agile form of usage-centered design and how to incorporate bits of interaction design thinking into every day development and product planning decisions.Top of page.  
W22 - 2:00p-3:30p
How Much Money Do You Earn With Usability? A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Usability Engineering
Markus Weinlaender, Siemens AG (Germany)
  Usability engineering is an investment over and above development costs. Usability promises higher customer satisfaction and better products. However, it is extremely difficult to know which efforts will lead to which improvements and what increase in sales or revenues will result. This session introduces a new approach to the usability engineering process: Cost-Benefit-Centered Design based on comparative cost advantage (CCA). This method helps to distribute a given budget reasonably. This research report shows how to calculate the CCA and demonstrates that there is an optimum investment in usability. Insufficient efforts are wasted, and too much usability engineering will result in little additional benefit.Top of page.  
W23 - 2:00p-3:30p
Making a Difference: Designers as Change Agents
Lucy Lockwood, Constantine & Lockwood
  The introduction of usage-centered design and other usability practices into an organization often challenges deep-seated organizational assumptions and may threaten vested interests. Based on experiences within a number of organizations, this session will look at how new practices in usability and visual and interaction design are introduced into organizations and how they bring about change. Specific suggestions will be offered of how usage-centered design can function as a lever for organizational change.Top of page.  
 
Pre-Conference Tutorials and Workshops
SUNDAY
P01 - 9:00a-5:30p
Performance-Centered Systems: What They Are and How to Design Them
Gloria Gery, Gery Associates
  Systems that directly support work performance are very different from those that are simply "usable" by experts. This workshop will describe, discuss, and illustrate software that is specifically designed to enable people who don't know what they are doing to do it as if they did--while still accommodating expert performers. These software applications integrate task structuring support, knowledge, data, tools and collaboration methods--and automatically produces required deliverables.

The workshop will address:
- the business pain that requires us to develop better alternatives
- the attributes and behavior of performance centered systems
- the development process necessary to achieve them
- who must be involved in design and development
- the politics of achieving them
- their benefits to people and to organizations

Many systems will be either demonstrated or illustrated, including those supporting call center representatives, product designers, analysts, managers, administrative personnel and consumers.Top of page.

 
P02 - 9:00a-5:30p
Goal-Directed Methods for Product Definition and Design
Kim Goodwin, Cooper Design
  The secret to creating great products is to think about your users not just during design, but even earlier, during product definition. What is the product and what does it do? This course will introduce you to Cooper's Goal-Directed methodology for creating breakthrough solutions as well as prioritizing improvements to existing products. Participants will learn powerful ethnographic research techniques, and will get hands-on practice with creating Personas. Participants will then use their Personas in scenarios that drive the design solution for an example product.Top of page.  
P03 - 9:00a-5:30p
Agile Usage-Centered and Object-Oriented Design Techniques
James Noble, Robert Biddle, Victoria University of Wellington
  This tutorial for designers, developers, and usability professionals will cover the key practices for agile usage-centered design and the transition to object-oriented development. In the first half of the tutorial, we will experience determining system requirements by identifying actors and stakeholders and their essential use cases. Then, in the second half we will derive system designs from the use cases, and evaluate our designs using heuristics and design patterns. This tutorial is quite approachable for people with only a light background in systems analysis or development, and none in object-oriented programming or design.Top of page.  
 
Post-Conference Tutorials and Workshops
THURSDAY
P04 - 9:00a-5:30p
Pushing the Envelope: Master Class in Usage-Centered Design
Larry Constantine, Lucy Lockwood, Constantine & Lockwood
  This hands-on workshop with the originators of usage-centered design is intended for experienced designers who are already familiar with the basic principles and techniques of usage-centered design and who are ready to take their own work to the next level. The workshop will address advanced topics and issues in modeling and design as shaped by the expressed needs and interests of participants. The will provide opportunities for exploring the current work and improving the skills of each participant through discussion, coaching, and critical examination of work. Participants will be encouraged to identify and build on their strengths as visual and interaction designers and to understand and overcome their limitations. A special area of attention will be design innovation.Top of page.  
P05 - 9:00a-5:30p
Object Modeling for User Interface Designers
Rebecca Wirfs-Brock, Wirfs-Brock Associates
  User interface designers need to know what is involved in the design of an application that is organized to accommodate flexibility and change. Responsibility-Driven Design offers practical advice for designing object-oriented applications. In a responsibility-based model, objects play specific roles and occupy well-known positions in the application architecture. Typically "layered" applications separate objects in the user interface from an application control and domain model layer. Each object is accountable for a specific portion of the work. They collaborate in clearly defined ways, contracting with each other to fulfill the larger goals of the application. By creating a “community of objects”, assigning specific responsibilities to each, we build a collaborative model of an application. The objects we model are more than simple bundles of logic and data; they are service-providers, information-holders, structurers, coordinators, controllers, and interfacers to the outside world! Each must know and do its part! Thinking in these terms enables you to build powerful, flexible applications.

This tutorial will be an example-based tour of Responsibility-Driven Design which presents our latest innovations and practical techniques, including new material from a forthcoming book on object-oriented design (to be published fall 2002). Topics include: finding and evaluating the qualities of candidate design objects, using CRC cards to model candidate objects, steps involved in making the leap from use case models to object models, realizing object roles with classes and interfaces, strategies for assigning responsibilities, deciding on the control style of an application, effective ways to describe collaborations, and techniques for increasing a design’s flexibility and clarity. Attendees will be have the opportunity to practice some design techniques through short focused exercises.Top of page.

 
P06 - 9:00a-5:30p
Implementing Usage-Centered Designs In .NET
Larry O'Brien, Consultant
  Microsoft’s .NET Framework provides a well-architected class library of standard user-interface controls. But great user interface designs combine standard controls with controls tailored specifically for the task at hand. This programmer’s tutorial will introduce the structure of .NET’s Windows Forms library, contrast three architectures (Form-Event-Control, Presentation-Abstraction-Control, and Model-View-Controller), and demonstrate how custom controls developed with usage-centered principles can be rapidly created, modified, deployed, and integrated directly into Visual Studio .NET’s visual design tool. Sample code will be in C#, but all principles are applicable across the range of .NET languages from C++ to Visual Basic.Top of page.  
 
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